Types of Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy can be classified into four types:If tongue muscles are affected, patients may have
spastic, athetoid, ataxic and mixed. Spastic cerebraldifficulty speaking. Athetoid cerebral palsy typically
palsy is the most common form, accounting forbecomes worse during stress, and writhing
between 70 and 80 percent of all cerebral palsymovements in affected body parts disappear during
cases. Limb muscles are stiff and remain permanentlysleep.
contracted. This form of cerebral palsy is furtherAtaxic cerebral palsy affects between five and ten
subdivided depending on which limbs are affected.percent of all cerebral palsy patients. This form of
Both legs may be affected, turning in and crossing atcerebral palsy is characterized by deficits in sense of
the knees. This is called spastic diplegia, characterizedbalance and depth perception. These result in poor
by the 'scissors' gait. Another type of spastic cerebralcoordination, particularly with fine motor tasks, and a
palsy is spastic hemi paresis or weakness of muscleswide-based, awkward gait. People with ataxic cerebral
in one half of the body. Uncontrollable shaking orpalsy may also have an intention tremor, which is a
tremors often accompany this type of spasticity. If thetremor that occurs when attempting a voluntary
tremors are severe, movement can become verymovement such as picking up an object.
difficult.Mixed cerebral palsy affects up to 30 percent of all
Athetoid or dyskinetic cerebral palsy affects 10 to 20cerebral palsy patients. In these patients, symptoms of
percent of all cerebral palsy patients, and ismore than one of the three main types of cerebral
characterized by slow, writhing movements. Suchpalsy described above may be present. Most
movements are uncontrollable and usually occur in thecommonly, spastic and athetoid forms of cerebral
hands, feet, arms and legs. Face or tongue musclespalsy coexist.
may also be affected, resulting in drooling or grimacing.