History of Autism

Many researches believe that people did exist with theHans Asperger made similar discoveries around the
syndrome well before the discovery of what is nowsame time, but the children he studied were found to all
known as autism. However, since little was knownhave speech. In fact, they spoke like little grown ups.
about autism these people were probably classified asThus creating a new category to label autistic people
mentally retarded or insane.with speech as having Asperger Syndrome.
In 1908, Eguen Bleuler used the word autism toAspergers work did not become known until the 1980s
describe schizophrenic patients who screenedwhen his work was translated into English.
themselves off and were self-absorbed.Bruno Bettelheim wrote about children he classified as
Following in 1943, Leo Kanner published the first paperautistic and claimed their disorder was to be blamed on
acknowledging autistic children and documenting thatthe coldness of their mothers.
he has noticed a series or patterns of symptoms,In the 70s the knowledge of autism spread to
which would classify these children. He found that 11Sweden. Where the Erica Foundation was established.
children had similar traits such as impairments in socialThis foundation provided therapy and education for
interaction, anguish for change, good memory, overchildren with autism.
sensitivity to certain sounds, food problems, and goodIn the 80s research accelerated and more people
intellectual potential. He also found that these childrenwere convinced that autism is more of a neurological
often came from talented families. Kanner went on todisturbance sometimes coupled with untreated
explain that these children were not simply slowhereditary illnesses.
learners since they did not mold into the patterns ofAutism had a meaning: escape from reality. Kanner
emotionally disturbed children. Therefore, Kannerused this term to describe these children because he
established a new category, which has come to bebelieved they were trying to escape from reality or
known as Early Infantile Autism or Kanner's Syndrome.they at least gave that impression.